Google is advancing its Project Suncatcher, aimed at creating AI data centers in space powered by solar energy, as the demand for computing power continues to grow, according to The New York Times.
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The company plans to launch an experimental satellite named MVP aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 on October 1, which will carry four specialized AI chips with computing capabilities comparable to a single data-center server. This satellite will assess the performance of AI hardware in space, specifically its ability to endure challenges like radiation and vibration, while drawing about one kilowatt of solar energy.
Preliminary radiation testing has yielded positive results, showing that radiation-induced errors can generally be resolved by restarting the chips.
A significant engineering hurdle remains in cooling the chips, as traditional fans are ineffective in space. Google has created a cooling system utilizing conductive materials and radiator panels to dissipate heat, enabling the chips to function for approximately 15 minutes before needing a cooldown period.
While Google recognizes that establishing a large-scale orbital data center network may take years and require substantial investment, it estimates that costs could align with those of terrestrial data centers by the mid-2030s as launch expenses decrease. The company plans to send two more satellites into orbit in 2027 and is considering deploying a fleet of over 80 satellites designed to collaboratively handle AI processing tasks. Additionally, Google is exploring the possibility of developing a custom satellite measuring the length of a soccer field.